Ferns are mostly homosporous, though some are heterosporous. bryophytes; rhizoids A. Algae increase the level of dissolved oxygen in 10 the immediate environment B. Algin is obtained from red algae and carrageenan from brown algae . Fossil and biochemical evidence indicates plants are descended from multicellular green algae. Phylum Lycopodiophyta! Current evolutionary thought holds that all plantsgreen algae as well as land dwellersare monophyletic; that is, they are descendants of a single common ancestor. There is major disagreement on what are the fern families, but 30 are generally . Phylum Ochrista - chloroplasts have 3 membranes and degenerate nucleus indicating recent endosymbiosis. Gemma cell in Marchantia 6. Isogamous 3. asked Jan 30 in Biology by AnokhiKumari (25.0k points) class-12; plantae; 0 votes. Tags: Class 11 , Biology , Plant Kingdom Asked by Kriti Kumari A Algae B Bryophytes C Pteridophytes D Gymnosperms Medium Solution Verified by Toppr Correct option is C Pteridophytes Pteridophytes are vascular cryptogams that have species that produce a similar type of spores or homosporous, for example - Adiantum, Pteris, etc. Zygotic meiosis is characteristic of (a) Procaryotes (b) Thallophyta 144. (C) Double fertilisation is an event unique to angiosperms. . Most of the pteridophytes are homosporous, produce isospores [] Red algae and Brown algae (ii) Liverworts and Moss (iii) homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte. They produce bisexual gametophytes. 2.They contain floridean starch as stored food. 1. They bear spores that are of the same type. Birds B. Heterosporous, Homosporous, Bisporangiate, Zooidogamy, Entomophily, Siphonogamy, Roots with My. (iv) Syngamy and triple fusion:-Syngamy:-1. (MARCH-2012) a) Identify two heterosporous genera. Red algae. At least half of the total carbon-dioxide fixation on earth is carried out by algal through photosynthesis. In bryophytes and pteridophytes, transport of male gametes requires-A. Heterosporous pteridophytes. Homosporous plants produce only one kind of spore, which will form a bisexual . The gametophyte is the sexual phase in the life cycle of plants and algae. Answer: a) Selaginella, Salvinia, Marsilea etc. Today, seedless plants represent only a small fraction of the plants in our environment; yet, 300 million years ago, seedless plants dominated the landscape and grew in the enormous swampy forests of the Carboniferous period. Two flagella 4. Economic importance of algae: Algae are useful to man in a variety of ways. Answer. T hey contain manni tol stored food. Flagellated gametes 4. The club mosses, or phylum Lycopodiophyta, are the earliest group of seedless vascular plants. . Phylum Polypodiophyta! Most primitive vascular plants? They bear two kinds of spores - microspores and megaspores. . Plants that produce two types of spores are called heterosporous. 2. View Solution Mention the ploidy of the following: 1. Ploidy number of spores. T hey contain floridea n starch as 2. Heterosporous pteridophytes. They bear spores that are of the same type. Briefly describe the life cycle of any one of them. 1. The fucoxanthin gives it the brown colourand hence the name 'brown algae'. by Lakna. 1. . . ADVERTISEMENTS: In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Brown algaeare grouped under the class Phaeophyceae. It develops sex organs that produce gametes, haploid sex cells that participate in fertilization to form a diploid zygote which has two sets of chromosomes. They bear two kinds of spores - microspores and megaspores. 3. Evidences 5. Haploid dominant Spirogyra Chlorophyte 1. Explain your answer. ferns are homosporous. Leaf cell of a moss 4. Water upward. Answer: (d) Green Algae. (B) In angiosperms, the seeds are enclosed by fruits. Red algae contain chlorophyll a and chlorophyll d but brown algae contain chlorophyll a and c. 2. Homosporous plants . Brown algae are gro uped under the Rhodophyceae. Sporangia houses spores, develop into bisexual gametophyte (egg or sperm) What does xylem transport and in what direction. 2. Most pteridophytes are homosporous but there are exceptions. . A gametophyte (/ m i t f a t /) is one of the two alternating multicellular phases in the life cycles of plants and algae.It is a haploid multicellular organism that develops from a haploid spore that has one set of chromosomes. Water asked . Differentiate between the following:- <br> (i) red algae and brown algae <br> (ii) liverworts and moss <br> (iii) homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte <br> (iv) syngamy and triple fusion 141163770 They bear two kinds of spores - microspores and megaspores. Genera like Selaginella and Salvinia which produce two kinds of spores, macro (large) and micro (small) spores, are known as heterosporous pteridophytes. Lycopodium and Equisetum are homosporous pteridophytes i.e. D. Gymnosperms are both homosporous and heterosporous. Current evolutionary thought holds that all . 2. Class 11. Phycobilins are present in red algae, whereas they are absent in brown algae. 2. 4.Their cell walls are composed of cellulose, pectin, and phycocolloids. 3. They produce bisexual gametophytes. PLANT KINGDOM ALGAE Phaeophyceae Class: Food is stored as laminarin or mannitol Algin coating over cellulosic cell wall Body . Homosporous pteridophytes are vascular plants which produce only one type of spores that are same in size. Hence, germinating gametophyte has better chances of survival. Meristem cell of a monocot 7. (d) Isogamous & Homosporous. They dominated the landscape of the Carboniferous, growing into tall trees and forming large swamp forests. Being photosynthetic they increase the level of dissolved oxygen in their immediate environment. 1. Chlorophyll a and d are found in red algae, whereas chlorophyll a and c are found in brown algae. These plants produce one type of sporangium bearing the spores. Psilotum is simplest of all vascular plants, it lacks leaves. Plants that produce only one type of spore are called homosporous and the resultant gametophyte produces both male and female gametes, usually on the same individual. We have step-by-step solutions for your textbooks written by Bartleby experts! So the correct answer is option D. 1. 2. 3. Algae . . (iii) homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte Homosporous pteridophyte Heterosporous pteridophyte They bear spores that are of the same type. Algae and Lower Plants. brown algae. How a single genome can be used to create two unique morphologies is an intriguing puzzle. Prothallus cell of a fern 5. They bear spores that are of the same type. Algae are chlorophyll-bearing, simple, thalloid, autotrophic and largely aquatic (both fresh water and marine) organisms. Homosporous process. That is, the . Single-celled 2. 4. Read the following statements and identify the correct options given. Following are the differences: i) 1. It develops sex organs that produce gametes, haploid sex cells that . n. Heterosporous process. Homosporous gametophytes must balance their allocation to the competing demands of male (sperm) and female (egg) functions. Isogamous 3. Textbook solution for Biological Science (6th Edition) 6th Edition Scott Freeman Chapter 28 Problem 8TYU. Homospory results in gametophytes that have both male and female function, and thus intragametophytic self-fertilization is usually possible, with a result that the offspring sporophyte will be completely homozygous. They produce bisexual gametophytes. or laminarin as store d food. Relatively little is known about plastid and other organelle inheritance in homosporous land plants in . Understand the advantages of seeds and pollen for terrestrial life. 1.Red algae are grouped under the class Rhodophyceae. Rhodophyceae contains chlorophyll a and d and phycoerythrin. Heterosporous also has two different types that are small male spore and big female spore. 4. Most of the pteridophytes are homosporous. c) Heterosporous. Differentiate between green algae, brown algae and red algae in respect of pigments and reserve food material. 12-In some pteridophytes the sporangia developed on stems, axis between leaf and stem, on leaves (mostly ventral surface of leaves). The evolutionary transition from water to land imposed severe constraints on plants. They produce bisexual gametophytes. Red algae. 2. Their decomposition created large deposits of coal that we mine today. Which one is not an exception in angiosperms? Point out any one common character found in heterospory and seed habit. A plant that has seeds but no flowers and fruits? asked Feb 2, 2020 in Biology by Ritik01 (48.2k points) plant . Being the first successful colonisers in land habit pteridophytes show both the homospory and heterospory. The heterosporous state is a more advanced condition, that seems to have evolved independently in . Today's club mosses are diminutive, evergreen plants consisting of a stem (which may be branched) and microphylls ( Figure ). Among the Plantae, the gametophytes and sporophytes of a species have distinct morphologies (in some algae they look alike). Spores are of two types that are heterosporous and homosporous. 2n. 4. The origin is a Chara- or Coleochaete-like green algae Similar life cycle: alternation of heteromorphic generations . Understand how the structure of a gymnosperm leaf is adapted for terrestrial habitats. Tags: Class 11 , Biology , Plant Kingdom Asked by Kriti Kumari homosporous and heterosporous life cycles differ. They contain mannitol or laminarin as stored food. 3. 1.Red algae are grouped under the class Rhodophyceae. Incipience of Heterospory 3. The spore contains both the male and female. Mosses are heterosporous, which means they make two distinct types of spores; . they produce only one type of spores. have chlorophyll a and c. unicellular or colonial, usually asexual. Which groups of green plants (viridophytes) require liquid environmental water for sperm to reach eggs Red algae and brown algae (ii)Homosporous and heterosporous pteridophytes (iii)Liverworts and moss (iv)Syngamy and triple fusion. 2. Various green algal groups have been proposed for this ancestral type, with the Charophytes often being prominently mentioned. Name three groups of plants that bear archegonia. Red algae and brown algae(ii) Liverworts and moss(iii) Homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyt. Differentiate between the following:- (i) red algae and brown algae (ii) liverworts and moss (iii) homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte (iv) syn. Heterosporous plants, such as seed plants , spikemosses , quillworts , and ferns of the order Salviniales produce spores of two different sizes: the larger spore (megaspore) in effect functioning as a "female" spore and the smaller (microspore) functioning as a "male". The gametophyte is the sexual phase in the life cycle of plants and algae. It has 30-35% proteins, 40-45% carbohydrates and a very high percentage of vitamins. 1 class phaeophyceae. Which plant kingdom can survive both on land and in the water? 6 The difference between a homosporous and heterosporous life cycle is that 7 The structure in the liverwort sporophyte associated with spore dispersal is the 8 A common feature of the non-vascular bryophytes, non-seed vascular, and some groups (gymnosperms) of the seed-producing vascular plants is that 3. History of Heterospory 2. Current evolutionary thought holds that all plantsgreen algae as well as land dwellersare monophyletic; that is, they are descendants of a single common ancestor. Ferns can be either homosporous or heterosporous.! Plant Kingdom. Differentiate between the following: (i) Red algae and Brown algae (ii) Liverworts and Moss (iii) homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte asked Feb 2, 2020 in Biology by Ritik01 ( 48.1k points) plant kingdom asked Nov 25, 2020 in Biology by Panna01 (47.3k points) plant kingdom . Know general features of gymnosperms. Both homosporous and heterosporous plants are found in the group. Join now. View all They are non-vascular plants with a prominent gametophyte. Ferns are mostly homosporous, though some are heterosporous. History of Heterospory: Pteridophytes are the first true land plants. Advantages. horsetails (equisetpophytes) and some lycophytes Homosporous plants produce only one kind of spore, whereas heterosporous plants . The alga is sold and eaten together with rice. Furthermore, red and brown algae are mainly marine . a monophyletic group of organisms that contain chloroplasts similar to those in green algae, most are photosynthetic and live in terrestrial habitats, includes mosses, hornworts, liverworts, and all vascular plants dominant primary producers in terrestrial ecosystems land plants nonvascular plants (iii) Homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte Homosporous pteridophytes Heterosporous pteridophytes 1. . In homosporous genera the sex determination is observed in gametophyte stage, during the formation of antheridia and archegonia. Plants that possess spores and embryo but lack vascular tissues and seeds? . II. 1. Gymnosperms. Homosporous pteridophytes. can grow up to 40 m, giant kelp in pacific, sargassum weed. (a) Oogamous and homosporous. A spore is capable of reproducing and growing into a new organism or plant without . If red algae store food in the form of floridian starch, brown algae store it as laminarin. Know the life cycle of gymnosperms. Chiorophyceae contains chlorophyll a and b, giving it the green colourand the name 'green algae'. (D) In angiosperms, each cell of an embryo sac is diploid. Question 2. Log in. There are also some cultivated ferns and a few invasive ferns. Algae which have food conducting tubes similar to phloem in vascular plants are (a) Red algae (b) Brown algae (c) Blue green algae (d) Green algae Answer Question 14. Kingdom Chromista - aquatic uni-or multicellular photosynthetic organisms. Homosporous: "same spore" - one kind of spore produced; cones terete (rounded)! Log in. Differentiate between the following: (i) Red algae and Brown algae (ii) Liverworts and Moss (iii) homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte asked Feb 2, 2020 in Biology by Ritik01 ( 48.1k points) plant kingdom They occur in a variety of other habitats: moist stones, soils and wood. 3.They contain the photosynthetic pigments chlorophylls a and d, and phycoerythrin. Non-vascular plants are homosporous, and the gametophyte is the dominant generation in the life cycle. In red algae, Phycobilins are present but brown algae do not have phycobilins. Red algae are grouped under the class Rhodophyceae. The spores of homosporous plants, such as horsetails and most ferns, grow into bisexual gametophytes . Phylum Polypodiophyta" ferns! Red algae are grouped under the class Rhodophyceae. 2019). (IV) Medicinal use: An antibiotic Chlorellin is extracted from Chlorella. Plants that are homosporous produce spores of the same size and type. Solution For Differentiate between the following: (i) Red algae and brown algae(ii) Liverworts and moss(iii) Homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyt . In case of Selaginella the development of microsporangium and megasporangium is same upto the development of spore mother . Comparing Angiosperm and Gymnosperm Reproduction. Brown algae. Lycopodiophyta [also called Lycophyta] They bear spores that are of the same type. 2. PLANT KINGDOM PTERIDOPHYTES Antheridium and archaegonium are produced in prothallus Zygote form sporophyte homosporous Heterosporous- selaginella,salvinia- precursor to seed habit Classified into Psilopsida . View BIO2181_MultipleChoiceInterpretation.pdf from BIO 2181 at Monash University. . 11-Plants may be homosporous (all spores are same in shape and size) and heterosporous (spores are two different shape and size) smaller called microspore and larger called megaspore. Selaginella is a type of plant. If red algae is reserving [] The evolutionary transition from water to land imposed severe constraints on plants. They bear two kinds of spores - microspores and megaspores. The spores germinate into a tiny green thread, which looks like a simple strand of green algae. 1. (iii) homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte (iv) syngamy and triple fusion Solution: Following are the differences: i) 1. - Heterospory because it has two different types of spores, which increase the chance of the plant producing successful offspring. Join now. Primary endosperm nucleus in dicot 3. The heterosporous state is a more advanced condition, that seems to have evolved independently in . A generalized homosporous plant life cycle is shown in Figure 5. 1. The reproductive cell, organ or structure of a fungi, non-flowering plant and algae is called a spore. Some algae are used as fertilizer and some blue-green algae are capable of converting clay soil into cultivable land. Haploid dominant Representative chlorophytes 1. 6 min read. 2. They produce unisexual gametophytes. This similarity is one more clue that bryophytes are descended from green algae. (iii) Homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte:-Homosporous pteridophytes:-1. 1. 2. Homosporous pteridophytes. 5.Flagella are absent Brown algae:- 1. Algae are classified into three main classes - Chlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae, and Rhodophyceae based on the following factors: (a) Major photosynthetic pigment present . 2. Right Answer is: SOLUTION (i) Red algae and brown algae Red algae Brown alg ae 1. Protonemal cell of a moss 2. (iii)homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte (iv)syngamy and triple fusion. Micrsporangia, microspores, gametophyte, sperm. Porphyra is a cold water seaweed that grows in cold, shallow seawater. Homosporous: Heterosporous pteridophyte (a) all spores produced of similar kinds: . . 1. In heterosporous pteridophytes, spores germinate within the sporangium and the gametophytes are retained inside for variable periods of time. (c) Isogamous & heterosporous. Question 6. Female sex organ of algae is called: (a) Carpel (b) Oogonium (c) Archegonia (d) Oosphere Answer Question 15. They contain floridean starch as stored food. (b) Oogamous and heterosporous. . About Us Become a Tutor Blog Download App. Answer: (b) Oogamous and heterosporous. 1 answer. b) 'Heterospory is a precursor to seed habit'. Filamentous 2. 1. Taxa 1 of green algae that: 1. are the basis of many food webs 2. are split into chlamydomonas, spirogyra, volvox and ulva Chlamydomonas Chlorophyte 1. Phylogenetic system of classification is based on (a) morphological features (b) chemical constituents (c) floral characters (d) evolutionary relationships. Azolla harbors cyanobacteria (formally and eronaeous thought of as blue-green algae); the cyanobacteria fix nitrogen and is a rich source of nitrogen and used for centuries in SE Asia as an organic fertilizer in flooded rice paddies. Question 11. Differentiate between the following-i red algae and brown algaeii liverworts and mossiiihomosporous and heterosporous pteridophyteivsyngamy and triple fusio. They produce unisexual gametophytes. 1. . In heterosporous genera the differentiation observed during sporogenesis, in sporophyte stage. Answer. (iii) homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte (iv) syngamy and triple fusion om dicots? Prophyra. Differentiate between the following:- (i) red algae and brown algae (ii) liverworts and moss (iii) homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte (iv) syngamy and triple fusion . Brown algae. (iv) Syngamy and triple fusion Syngamy Triple fusion 1. Please scroll down to see the correct answer and solution guide. The spore cannot be differentiated as male or female in homosporous pteridophytes. The spores germinate into a tiny green thread, which looks like a simple strand of green algae. Origin 4. The main difference between red brown and green algae is that red algae contain chlorophyll a, chlorophyll d, and phycoerythrin, while brown algae contain chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c, and fucoxanthin and green algae contain chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and xanthophylls. Phylum Chlorophyta - green algae (Chara, Chlamydomonas, Spirogyra, Volvox) Bryophytes (no vascular tissue) Phylum Bryophyta - mosses (Mnium, Sphagnum) Phylum Hepaticophyta - liverworts (Marchantia, Porella) Phylum Anthocerophyta (or Anthocerotophyta)- hornworts (Anthoceros) Terms. (sometimes referred to as isospory). 5. Lycopodiaceae - club mosses! Biology. The given diagrams shown:- (1) An alga that lacks flagellated cells (2) A liverwort (3) A heterosporous pteridophyte (4) A gymnosperm with non motile sperms Plant Kingdom Botany Practice questions, MCQs, Past Year Questions (PYQs), NCERT Questions, Question Bank, Class 11 and Class 12 Questions, NCERT Exemplar Questions and PDF Questions with answers, solutions, explanations, NCERT reference . Heterosporous pteridophytes:-1. Home. Differentiate between the following:- (i) red algae and brown algae (ii) liverworts and moss (iii) homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte (iv) syngamy and triple fusion . 2. (A) Angiosperms range in size from microscopic Wolfia to tall trees of Eucalyptus. This similarity is one more clue that bryophytes are descended from green algae. Table #3: Phylum Psilophyta (Whisk ferns) Phylum Psilophyta is represented by genus Psilotum. Red algae are groupe d under the class 1. 1. Phaeophyceae contains chlorophyll a and c and fucoxanthin. Differentiate between the following:-(i) red algae and brown algae(ii) liverworts and moss(iii) homosporous an Get the answers you need, now! T hey contain the pho tosynthetic 3. It has been an important source of dietary fibre throughout the centuries. On the stem sporangia may be Prokaryotic blue-green and eukaryotic green algae may have formed algal mats, simple soil ecosystems developing even in the Proterozoic, but that was the extent of early land colonization by "plants" (references in Nelsen et al. (i) red algae and brown algae (ii) liverworts and moss (iii) homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte (iv) syngamy and triple fusion Red algae is contain chlorophyll A and chlorophyll D but brown algae contain chlorophyll A and C. Phycobilins are present in red algae but brown algae do not contain phycobilins. 2. Some of them also occur in association with fungi (lichen) and animals (e.g., on sloth bear).